Soviet Submarines

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designeraccd
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Soviet Submarines

Unread post by designeraccd »

Here are some B+W shots of a TYPHOON being built. I believe (?) this sub was built in 1 of the 2 covered slipways that komrade Stalin had built up in Murmansk area for 2 SOV. SOYUZ class battleships. Does anyone know if I am correct about the location?? :?

Also, a photo of 5 of the 6 TYPHOONS dockside. DFO
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ivorthediver
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Re: Soviet Submarines

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Well Dennis they cant be accused of doing things by half anyway :?
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designeraccd
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Re: Soviet Submarines

Unread post by designeraccd »

2 hulls and a lil indoor pool...luxury....soviet style.

Here one loads tons of "happiness" for someone, someplace.........plus one practices a kill shot. Also, a visual size comparison to a DELTA IV "boomer". DFO
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ivorthediver
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Re: Soviet Submarines

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As you say Dennis , a brute ........but Harder to hide perhaps :?:
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designeraccd
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Re: Soviet Submarines

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By far the LARGEST subs ever built. Here are a few views of scrapping............ :) DFO
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ivorthediver
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Re: Soviet Submarines

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yup and now the rotting hulks are back to bit them on the arse for a few hundred years
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designeraccd
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Re: Soviet Submarines

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Funny the tree huggurrz don't seem to be capable of worrying about that....... :( DFO
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ivorthediver
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Re: Soviet Submarines

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Still at least they have plenty of spares to utilise eh Dennis ;)
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designeraccd
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Re: Soviet Submarines

Unread post by designeraccd »

Going back; a quick look at the sovzz first nuke class...the NOVEMBERs.

Again from WIKI (far easier than trying to quote a old JFS!)......

Class and type: Nuclear-powered attack submarine
Displacement: surface – 3,065 / 3,118 / 3,414 t; submerged – 4,750 / 4,069 / 4,380 t (project 627 / 627A / 645)
Length: 107.4 / 109.8 m (project 627A / 645)
Beam: 7.9 / 8.3 m (project 627A / 645)
Draft: 5.6 / 6.4 / 5.8 m (project 627 / 627A / 645)
Propulsion: two water-cooled reactors VM-A 70 MW each with steam generators, two turbo gear assemblies 60-D (35,000 hp total), two turbine-type generators GPM-21 1,400 kW each, two diesel generators DG-400 460 hp each, two auxiliary electric motors PG-116 450 hp each, two shafts. Submarine of project 645 had two liquid metal-cooled reactors VT-1 73 MW each and two more powerful turbine-type generators ATG-610 1,600 kW each, no diesel generators.
Speed: surface – 15.2 / 15.5 / 14.7 knots; submerged – 30 / 28 / 30.2 knots (31 knots) [1] (project 627 / 627A / 645)
Endurance: 50–60 days
Test depth: 300–340 m
Complement: usually 104–105 men (including 30 officers)
Sensors and
processing systems: MG-200 "Arktika-M" sonar system for target detection, "Svet" detection of hydroacoustic signals and underwater sonar communication sonar system, "MG-10" hydrophone station (project 627 submarines had "Mars-16KP"), "Luch" sonar system for detection of underwater obstacles, "Prizma" detection radar for surface targets and torpedo control, "Nakat-M" reconnaissance radar.
Armament: 8 533 mm bow torpedo tubes (20 torpedoes SET-65 or 53-65K).

The Project 627 (Russian – проект 627 "Кит" (Whale), NATO – November) class submarine was the Soviet Union's first class of nuclear-powered submarines. The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) used the standard radio communication phonetic alphabet to denote submarine classes. November class was the designation for this initial series of Soviet nuclear-powered torpedo attack submarines, which were in service from 1958 through 1991.[2][3] All but one have been disposed of,[4] with Submarine K-3, the first nuclear submarine built for the Soviet Navy, possibly being preserved as a memorial.[5]



History

More than 135 Soviet organizations (20 design bureaus, 35 research institutes, 80 works) participated in the design and construction of this completely new type of submarine in 1952–1958. The chief designer was V.N. Peregudov and the research supervisor was academician A.P. Alexandrov. The class was originally tasked with entering American naval bases and using the thermonuclear gas-steam powered T-15 torpedo to destroy them once in range (The T-15 torpedo had the following specifications: calibre 1,550 mm, length 23.5 m, range 40–50 km). However, after expert opinions of Soviet naval specialists were considered, the role of the class changed to torpedo attacks on enemy warships and transport ships during actions along the ocean and distant sea routes. Reflecting this change of mission, the final design of Project 627 was developed with eight 533 mm torpedo tubes instead of the initial plan for one 1,550 mm and two 533 mm torpedo tubes. Project 627/627A submarines could launch torpedoes from 100 m depth. By 1963 this class was still in service but had been overtaken by later technology.

Description

The November class were double-hulled submarines with streamlined stern fins and nine compartments (I – bow torpedo, II – living and battery, III – central station, IV – diesel-generator, V – reactor, VI – turbine, VII – electromechanic, VIII – living, IX – stern). Three compartments equipped with bulkheads to withstand 10 atm pressure could be used as emergency shelters.

The November class attack submarines were considerably noisier than diesel submarines and the early American nuclear-powered submarines, despite the streamlined torpedo-like hull, limited number of holes in the hull, special low-noise variable-pitch propellers, vibration dampening of main equipment, and antisonar coating of the hull (used for the first time on nuclear-powered submarines). Soviet reactors were superior to American ones in compactness and power-to-weight ratio, but the vibrations of Soviet reactors were much more pronounced. Novembers detected submarine targets during active service (for example, there were 42 detections in 1965 when regular cruises of Soviet nuclear-powered submarines began).[citation needed] The Soviet hydroacoustic equipment on the Novembers was not intended for submarine hunting, and had relatively limited capabilities.

The reliability of the first Soviet nuclear-powered submarines was relatively low because of the short service life of the steam generators in the main propulsion machinery, which caused an increase of the radioactivity level in the second loop of the reactor after several hundred hours of reactor operation. Machinery problems were the main reason why Project 627/627A submarines were not used during the Cuban Missile Crisis in autumn 1962. The reliability of the steam generators became better over the course of construction development, handling technical problems and training of crews, so Novembers began to frequently perform Arctic under-ice cruises and patrol missions to trace nuclear delivery vessels in Atlantic Ocean in the 1960s. Despite the common opinion about the dangers of radiation in the first Novembers, the background radiation levels in the compartments was usually normal because of relatively effective iron-water radiation protection of the reactor compartment and radiation monitoring.

The first submarine of the class (Project 627), K-3 "Leninskiy Komsomol" was first underway under nuclear power on 4 July 1958 and became also the first Soviet submarine to reach the North Pole in July 1962, 4 years after the USS Nautilus. Project 627 had much better performance specifications (for example, submerged speed and depth) than the world's first operational nuclear-powered submarine USS Nautilus. The first commander of K-3 was Captain 1st Rank L.G. Osipenko (future admiral and Hero of the Soviet Union).

All other Novembers except K-3 belonged to modified project – project 627A. The main visual differences of project 627A were a bow sonar dome in the keel and a hydrophone antenna over the torpedo tubes. The Project P627A design armed with nuclear cruise missile system P-20 was developed in 1956–1957 but not finished, equipment and mechanisms were used for building the usual attack submarine of project 627A (submarine K-50).

A single vessel, submarine K-27, was built as project 645 to use a pair of liquid metal-cooled VT-1 reactors. K-27 was launched on 1 April 1962 and had some additional differences from Novembers: cone-shaped hull head, new antimagnetic strong steel alloys, somewhat different configuration of compartments, and a rapid loading mechanism for each torpedo tube. A liquid metal-cooled reactor had better efficiency than the water-cooled VM-A reactor, but technical maintenance of liquid metal cooled reactors in naval base was much more complicated."

The Sovz got into the nukes fast with this class. ;) I well remember the first (newspaper) photo I saw of one, surrounded by snow and ice well up in the Artic; probably the K-3. DFO
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ivorthediver
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Re: Soviet Submarines

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Thank you Dennis for your detailed post on this project ..........in a word Frightening ....
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